AF Data Digital Pvt. Ltd.,: Apr 6, 2010

THE WORLD AROUND US-1

Tuesday, April 6, 2010

THE WORLD AROUND US - I

What is wind energy ?

India is the fifth-largest wind energy generator in the world and the potential for wind energy in India is around 45,000 MW (Mega Watt). It is expected that 10% (10,000 MW) of the proposed addition in energy of 1,00,000 MW in the next ten years would come from the renewable energy sector and more, predominantly, from the wind energy sector. Wind power has come of age and the next 20 years will see greater and enhanced deployment of wind electric generators as a clean and green source of power generation in India and other Asian countries. Against adding some 500 MW per year we should be looking at capacity additions of at least 2,000 to 3,000 per year.

When were coins invented ?

Before money came into use, trading was done by barter -- exchange of goods or services. As the years passed, people began to use various objects as money -- blocks of salt, glass beads, claws of wild boar and bears, animals, shells and axes of stone and gave each object a certain value. Between 1100 and 500BC merchandise of this type gradually changed to proper coins -- round shaped and minted from metals such as electrum, silver and gold. The first to mint silver coins with a value corresponding to the weight were the Greeks, but the use of coins soon spread throughout the Mediterranean. The word 'money' began in Rome in the 3rd century BC because the mint, the place where coins were stamped out, developed in the suburbs of the temple of Giunone Moneta.

Why do bodies need bones ?

Bones provide a strong framework that supports the rest of the body, Without bones, you would flop on the floor like an octopus! Some of the bones form a suit of internal armour, which protects the brain, the lungs, the heart, and other vital organs. All the bones together are called skeleton. You can move and bend different parts of the body because the bones meet at joints.

ANIMALS FACTS - BIRDS and Animals

ANIMALS FACTS

Why are these blue things scattered all over the ground ?

The blue trinkets belong to a male satin bower bird. The colour blue is irresistible to these Australian birds. They collect all kinds of blue stuff from flowers to bits of glass to just plain trash. Then they carefully place their trinkets in and around a special "hut" , called a bower, that they build out of grass. Female bower birds inspect the bower and its decorations. If a female approves of the male's handiwork, she will mate with him and build her nest nearby.

Why is this animal poking nose into a mound of dirt ?

This giant ant eater is sniffing out a termite dinner. It will use its sharp, curved claws to slash an opening in this tough termite mound. Then it will flick its long, worm shaped tongue in and out of the hole, nabbing dozens of the tiny termites with each swipe of its sticky tongue. Some ant eaters can flick their 61 cm tongues in and out of a termite mound or anthill more than 150 times a minute. Now that is really "fast food!"

How do migratory animals find their way ?

Migration is the mass movement of groups of animals. It is caused by the animals' need to find food, due to climatic changes during the year and due to the need to breed. Migrating animals navigate in a variety of ways. Fish use their sense of smell to recognize their migration paths, and are guided by changing water temperatures. Birds use the position of the Sun to orientate themselves. Some birds have magnetic particles in their ear mechanism that can act as a compass. Mammals depend on their memory. They remember the routes of their migratory journey from generation to generation.

The Komoda Dragon

The Komodo dragon is the largest living lizard. It grows to 3 m in length, attains a weight of about 135 kg and may live to an age of about 100 years.

ANIMAL FACTS - Moose,Bisons and Three-Toed Sloth

Who is this moose calling to ?

When a male moose is courting a female, he calls to her quietly and rhythmically, over and over again. The female also makes soft, rhythmic sounds and moves her jaws up and down. The male walks toward the female slowly, with his body stretched out, and sniffs her. Moose generally have only one mate. If the male sees a rival, he may make a loud call and then chase him away. The moose are the largest members of the deer family, and they live in North America.

Bisons

In 1700 there were some 60 million Bisons in North America. Millions were killed for their meat and because their grazing land was needed for farming. Today the bison are making a slow comeback. There are now about 10,000 in the wild.

The three-toed sloth

The three-toed sloth, found in the tropical forests of South America, is the slowest mammal on Earth. It has an average ground speed of 2.2m per minute, but in the trees it can accelerate to 4.6 m per minute.

UNITED NATIONS Continue...

UNITED NATIONS Continue

Specialized Agencies of the UN

The UN has also established many other agencies to work in various economic, social, scientific and technical fields. Some of these specialized agencies are:

Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)

Nations (FAO), is a specialized United Nations agency whose main goal is to afford freedom from hunger on a world scale. According to its constitution, the specific objectives are "raising levels of nutrition and standards of living and securing improvements in the efficiency of the production and distribution of all food and agricultural products."

International Labour Organization (ILO)

International Labour Organization (ILO), a specialized agency associated with the United Nations (UN), whose worldwide objectives are to improve labour conditions, promote productive employment and social progress, and raise living standards.

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

International Monetary Fund (IMF), an international economic organization whose purpose is to promote international monetary co-operation to facilitate the expansion of international trade. The IMF operates as a United Nations specialized agency and is a permanent forum for consideration of issues of international payments, in which member nations are encouraged to maintain an orderly pattern of exchange rates and to avoid restrictive exchange practices.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), is an agency of the United Nations established in 1946 to encourage collaboration among nations in the areas of education, science, culture, and communication. Through such co-operative endeavors, UNESCO hopes to encourage universal respect for justice, laws, human rights, and fundamental freedom.

Universal Postal Union (UPU)

Universal Postal Union, is a specialized agency of the United Nations, consisting of 189 member states and territories united in a single postal territory for the reciprocal exchange of correspondence, Nearly all independent nations and various dependent territories are members.

World Health Organization (WHO)

World Health Organization (WHO), is a specialized agency of the United Nations, with headquarters in Geneva. Who was established in 1948. According to its constitution, it is "the directing and coordinating authority on international healthy work" and is responsible for helping all people attain "the highest possible levels of health. "In 1987 the organization had 166 member countries.

UNITED NATIONS Continue...

UNITED NATIONS

UN Headquarters

The UN headquarters consist of several buildings along the East river in New York City. The three main buildings are the General Assembly Building, the Secretariat Building and the Conference Building. A smaller building next to the Secretariat Building houses the library. The flags of all the member nations fly in front of the UN headquarters.

UN Flag

The white UN emblem is superimposed on a light blue background. The emblem consists of the global map, surrounded by two olive branches open at the top.

Official Languages

The official languages of the UN are -- Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. However, the working languages are English and French only. Delegates of different nations may address the General Assembly in any language if they provide a translation into one of the official languages. Skilled interpreters instantly translate the words into each of the other official languages , the delegates were earphones to listen to the translation they choose.

Membership of the UN

The UN membership is open to all 'peace-loving nations' that are 'able and willing' to carry out the duties required by the Charter. Both the Security Council and the General Assembly must approve applications for membership. A member nation that violates the Charter may be suspended or even expelled from the UN.

The Six Major UN Organs

The Charter sets up the six main organs of the UN and explains the duties, powers and operating methods of each. These organs are:

1. General Assembly

2. Security Council

3. Secretariat

4. Economic and Social Council

5. International Court of Justice

6. Trusteeship Council

Here are the functions, in brief, of these six major UN organs:

1. The General Assembly is the only major organ of the UN in which all members are represented. It controls much of the UN's work and debates on major issues of international affairs.

2. The Security Council has the major responsibility in the UN to maintain international peace and security. The Charter gives the council special powers to carry out this responsibility.

3. The Secretariat manages the day-to-day business of the United Nations. Its main job is to provide services for all the other UN organs.

4. The Economic and Social Council works to encourage higher standards of living, better health, cultural and educational co-operation among nations and observance of human rights.

5. The International Court of Justice handles international legal disputes. The headquarters of the court are at The Hague, in the Netherlands.

6. The Trusteeship Council was designed to help a number of territories that were not self governing at the time the UN was founded. The council suspended its operations in 1994, after the last of the territories gained independence but it still exists under the UN Charter.

UNITED NATIONS

UNITED NATIONS

The UN is the largest international organization in the world that works for world peace and security and he betterment of humanity. The organization has also helped people in numerous parts of the world gain their freedom and better their way of life. There are 192 members in the UN.

Formation of the UN

The United Nations was established on Oct, 24, 1945, shortly after World War II, As the war drew to an end, the nations that opposed Germany, Italy, and Japan decided that such a war must never take place again. Representatives of these nations met in San Francisco in April 1945 and worked out a plan for an organization to help keep peace in the world. This plan was described in a document called the Charter of the United Nations. In June 1945,, 50 nations signed the UN Charter. they were the first UN members.

UN Charter

The Charter of the United Nations is the Constitution of the UN. It includes the plan used for organizing the UN and the rules by which the UN is governed. UN members agree to carry out the requirements of the Charter. The Charter has 19 chapters divided into 11 articles that explain the purposes and principles of the UN.

Purposes and Principles of UN

The Charter lists four purposes and seven principles of the United Nations.

The four purposes of the United Nations are as follows:

1. To preserve world peace and security.

2. To encourage nations to be just in their actions towards each other.

3. To help nations co-operate in trying to solve their problems.

4. To serve as an agency through which nations can work towards these goals.

The seven principles of the United Nations are as follows:

1. All members have equal rights.

2. All members are expected to carry out their duties under the Charter.

3. All members agree to the principle of settling their disputes peacefully.

4. All Members agree not to use force or the threat of force against other nations, except in self defense.

5. All members agree to help the UN in every action it takes to carry out the purposes of the Charter.

6. The UN agrees to act on the principle that non-member nations have the same duties as member nations to preserve world peace and security.

7. The UN accepts the principle of not interfering in the actions of a member nation within its own borders. But, these actions must not hurt other nations.

Your Creator Is So Amazing

Appreciate your

Creator

Your Creator is so amazing, imaginative, charming, alive, fantastic, and loving that you can never appreciate him properly. But you can begin.

You can talk and listen to him, worship and thank him, laugh with, ask, and love him for all you are worth. And remember, you are worth a lot -- especially to him. You exist because he loves you. Without him there would be no yesterday, today, or tomorrow for you. He loves you at this very moment.

All this may make you so happy that you get lost on cloud nine. But come on down and be practical in your appreciation. Do the things he said to do. Think the thoughts he said to think. Be the wonderful you he wants you to be. That's real appreciation, and that's reason enough for you to let yourself grow.

Just For Fun Sometime

Appreciate yourself

Just for fun some time, imagine that you are a gift you have sent to yourself. Suppose you were all crated up in straw like a beautiful piece of sculpture. United Parcel delivers this gift to you.

As you remove the wooden slats and straw to uncover the artwork which is you, You see that this artistic marvel is alive and breathing, has a marvelous future, is fun to be with, is both practical and creative, has unlimited potential.

That's you. You really are a gift to yourself.

Do Something Extraordinarily

Walk That

Extra Mile

Do something extraordinarily nice for someone who doesn't even know who you are. And the next time someone asks you to do something, do even more that is asked. Walk that extra mile.

Maybe a lot of people will start asking you to do things for them when they hear about this. But don't worry. You will know when it is time to limit your efforts.

The World Is Big

Keep Your

World Big

Travel and see as much of the world as you can. Do this in reality or in imagination. See how big and wonderful the world is. Don't confine yourself to four bare walls.

Look at the people. Realize that you now have your chance to bring something special to this world and to these peioople.

The astronauts went to the moon. But you don't have to go anywhere to make your contribution. You already are somewhere. And when you travel you return to this "somewhere" which is home for you. You have your own special place in this big world.

Why Be Bored?

Be Bored

Why be bored? There are millions of things to know and to explore. You'll never exhaust them: atoms, deep-sea life, wild flowers, pinecones, space, amber, poetry, histry, music, what happens in your mind and heart when you love someone.

The more you learn, the more there is to learn. One lifetime is far too short to learn and to experience everything.

Boredom is not only unnecessary, it's ridiculous.

Live Your Beliefs

Be a Doer

Live your beliefs. Talking about the Bible or love or commitment will count for little unless your contemporaries can see you silhouetted against the skyline, acting out your beliefs.

Be a believer and a doer. Look at your options. Go even beyond them and create new options. But don't overextend yourself. Just be open to life's opportunities.

Act in a fully human way.

Your Life HAs a Pattern

Treasure your

Achievements

Your life has a pattern. Look back at the moments of grace in your life, the turning points that gave you an entirely new direction.

Look at the decisions you have make that added a new dimension to your life. Treasure the people and events that intensified these moments of time.

This is your history. Take courage. You're doing all right. Go forward toward your goals.

But if, as you look at the past, it seems that everything has gone wrong and you have little to show for even your best efforts, take courage just the same. Begin now. From that dark background a bright pattern will emerge. It is never too late.

Think Before You Act

Edit Your Life

A wise old grandmother once said, "Don't do or say anything you wouldn't want to see on page one of tomorrow's newspaper."

Whether or not your actions ever become the focus of a television interview, the theme of a newspaper article, or the sunject matter of a best-selling book, they are still your very own feature story.

Think before you act. Edit your life before it goes to press.

Be Tough When You Have To Be Tough

Be Tough --

but Gentle

Be tough when you have to be tough. don't submit to wrong. Don't believe lies. Don't let life cut you down.

But be gentle too. Be gentle with yourself. Be gentle with others. Be gentle with the little sprigs of Kindness that you see springing up in yourself and others.

Nurture the good you see in yourself no matter how small its beginning. And nurture the good in others.

Look for the flowers, not the weeds.

Your Health Depends On You

Stay Well

Your health depends a lot on you. You are helping to fashion yourself. What you eat, the exercise you take, the amount of sleep you get, the worry you burden your self with, the joy of heart you allow yourself, the love you put into life -- all these affect your health.

Be wise. Keep the junk food out of your body. Keep the junk thoughts out of your mind. Keep the junk actions out of today.

Be healthy. Eat nourishing food. Think positive thoughts. Do the things that are worth doing.

Suppose God Will Present you ?

Value Your Time

Suppose God were to be fifteen minutes late in giving you this present moment, but didn't bother to tell you. What would happen to you? Would you be frozen in space while you were waiting? Would you be able to breathe? Would you disappear?

Is he ever late in delivering your time to you? Is it ever true for you to say you didn't have time for something? Isn't time exactly what you do have?

Keep Track Of Things

Be Sharp

Sharp pencils make clear lines. Sharp wits make clear decisions. Try to understand the events that are happening in your life. Keep track of things.

Know when you are in danger of making a big mistake. Talk to someone with experience and wisdom.

When you note that you are in danger of losing a good friend or in danger of losing your own integrity, take action. Be sharp. Stand back and try to see things as clearly as possible.

Be Alert!

See the Whole

Picture

When you are trying to decide between one thing and another, put on your fifty year glasses. Look closely at whatever it is.

If it seems to you that fifty years from now it really won't matter whether you bought a green sweater or a red one, whether you ate a hamburger or a bot dog, why make a big thing of it now? Keep things in perspective.

But while you are doing this, don't forget about others, What you think is unimportant may be very mportant to someone else. Be alert.

The Best Thing About The World

Be Faithful

The best thing about the world is the people in it An empty world is hard to imagine and not very appealing.

People mean something to you and you to them. Be faithful to your wife or husband, to your chioldren, to parents, your brothers and sisters, to the rest of your family.

Be faithful to your friends. And be faithful to God. He is your best friend. Don't let him down for some little trifle of the moment.

Do You Willing To Change Your Opinion

Have an Opinion

If you have an opinion, it means that you have been thinking and have decided on your viewpoint. don't be too quick to change that opinion if someone else expresses a different one. No doubt you have some good reasons on your side. Ask what the other person's reasons are.

But be willing to change your opinion if you find you are dead wrong. Maybe you don't have all the facts.

Never get frozen into one line of thinking. Know the difference between having an opinion and being opinionated.

You Can't Always Be Right

Admit Your

Mistakes

Being wrong is in the nature of things. You can't always be right. Sooner or later you are sure to make a mistake. It may be only a tiny one, or it may be a whopper.

But admit you are wrong. It is reassuring to the rest of us who make a lot of mistakes. It's good to know that you are human and are sometimes wrong, too.

It's downright encouraging for us, and it's not the end of the world for you. You're still alive, aren't you?

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