BIPOLAR DISORDER

BIPOLAR DISORDER SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT For many people, this relatively unknown disorder is something they've probably never even heard about. Yet, mental health experts in the country are getting an increasing number of bipolar disorder patients.             Bipolar disorder refers to the cycling between high and low episodes (poles). SYMPTOMS Psychologists says that signs of the manic or hypomanic phase of bipolar disorder can include euphoria, extreme optimism, inflated self-esteem, poor judgment, rapid speech, racing thoughts, aggressive behaviour, agitation or irritation, increased physical activity, risky behaviour, spending sprees or unwise financial choices, increased drive to perform or achieve goals, increased sex drive, decreased need for sleep and inability to concentrate. "Symptoms of the depressive phase of bipolar disorder can include sadness, hopelessness, suicidal thoughts or behaviour, anxiety guilt, sleep problems, low appetite, fatigue, loss interest in daily activities, problems concentrating, irritability, chronic pain without a known cause, frequent absences from work or school, poor performance at work or school," says clinical psychologist Seema Hingorrany. DIAGNOSIS Diagnosis is made by taking careful note of symptoms, including their severity, length and frequency. while making a diagnosis, the expert usually asks questions about a patient's personal life and family history of mental illness. Bipolar disorder is commonly misdiagnosed as depression. "one of the reasons is that most people with bipolar disorder seek help only when they're in the depressive stage of the illness. when they're in the depressive stage of the illness. When they're in the manic stage, they don't recognise the problem, "says Seema. Psychiatrist Dr Parul Tank says that there is over whelming evidence that bipolar disorder can be inherited and there is a genetic component to develop the illness. Research also suggests an imbalance in the neurotransmitters or 'chemicals' in the brain. However, other factors like stress, drugs, pregnancy and seasonal changes can bring on or worsen the illness. "The first step in treatment is an accurate diagnosis. Treatment involves taking medication which are called 'mood stabilisers'. In addition to medications, counselling or 'talk therapy' is also effective. TREATMENT Taking a mood-stabilising medication under supervision can help minimise the highs and lows. Psychotherapy is essential. Working with a therapist helps a person cope with difficult or uncomfortable feelings repair relationship, manage stress and regulate moods. Preventing complications begins with a thorough knowledge of your illness educate yourself about it. By regulating your lifestyle, you can keep mood episodes to a minimum. This involves maintaining a regular sleep schedule, avoiding alcohol and drugs, following a consistent ecercise program and minimising stress.