EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS

HIV is still incurable disease in the world. it affects all the aspects of the society. it affects during the bread  winning years of the life so, not only the patient, the family and the country also suffers. The  disease has spread across the world. But, the developing countries are worst affected. Ever since the disease was discovered the incidence and prevalence are increasing.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS:

AGENT:  It is a single stranded RNA virus  of LentiVirinea family.  It has two types  HIV 1 and HIV2.

It has unique enzyme reverse transcriptase, which makes copies of viral ribonucleic acid and integrates in the host chromosome. It is easily inactivated by available disinfectants and sunlight.  The source of infection is contaminated blood and body fluids.

 HOST: The economically productive age group that is 15 to 44 is the most vulnerable age of this disease. In India sexual transmission is the most common route of transmission. The presence of STD, increase the 

frequency of sexual exposure, the mixing of population forms the risk factors for HIV infection.

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS:

The Socio cultural factors, which are responsible for HIV transmission, are:

1.Low literacy

2.Urbanization

3. Imprisonment

4.High mobility

5.Migration and separation from family

6.Drug use & Alcohol use

MODE OF TRANSMISSION

               The sexual mode of transmission is the most common mode of transmission in India.